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Shmuel Hacohen, born in Amsterdam, Netherlands on July 7, , discusses his extended family, most of whom were murdered; the food restrictions at the beginning of the war, National Socialism in Holland, and mobilization of the Dutch army; life in Amsterdam after the German invasion, including activities of the Judenrat; how in January the registration of Jews was organized by the Dutch Interior Ministry; being transported to Westerbork in April ; life in the camp, its hierarchy, hospital, concerts, and opera; his transport to Bergen Belsen; the changing conditions of the camp during his time there; the liberation of the camp; being taken to Risa, north of Leipzig, to a Polish POW camp where he contracted typhoid fever; his return to Holland and the post-war antisemitism; and his immigration to Israel and his long period of adjustment to life in Israel. Oral history interview with Yosef Morgenshtern Oral History Yosef Morgenshtern, born on July 8, in Subotica, Serbia, describes his family and living in Sremska Mitrovica; the German arrival on April 22,prior to which his father was then arrested and taken to a camp near Osijek; being arrested with his read more by the Ustashi; the Prostitutes Zdunska Wola being taken to Zagreb, Croatia and put into prison; how his family had provided housing to two Jews who fled Germany in the s; being transferred to Gospic; being transported after 20 days to Jasenovac II and his work there; the atrocities at Jasenovac, where he was Prostitutes Zdunska Wola for about two months; being sent to Stara Gradiska, where he and his brother were assigned to work at the 'economy,' farm work; witnessing the murder of his brother; his life after Prostitutes Zdunska Wola, including spending three years with the partisans and having various jobs; and going to Israel in

Itzchak Dugin, born in Vilna VilniusLithuania indiscusses his family life; working as a printer until ; the Germans arriving in Vilna; enforcement of anti-Jewish laws; moving to ghetto II in Prostitutes Zdunska Wola obtaining a work Prostitutes Zdunska Wola to leave the Prostitutes Zdunska Wola and working at a gasoline depot; being taken to a work camp in Ponary; digging up corpses; escaping from Ponary in small groups; and meeting up with and joining Russian partisans.

Avraham Kapitza, born in Tykocin, Poland, on June 6,discusses his family life; pre-war antisemitism; the Germans' arrival in ; the administration of Tykocin under German occupation; fleeing to Knyszyn, Poland, where he stayed for three weeks; fleeing to Jasionowka, Poland; ending up in the Bialystok ghetto; being taken to Blizin; being sent to Birkenau, where he would have been killed because he was infected with typhoid fever, had it not been for a Jewish commander; being taken to Sosnowiec Sosnowice Prostitutes Zdunska Wola Mauthausen; being taken to Gunskirchen; being liberated Prostitutes Zdunska Wola Americans; traveling to Budapest, Hungary, and Salzburg, Austria; and immigrating to Israel in Lea Fuchs Portnoy, born in Rafalovka, Ukraine indiscusses her family life; pre-war antisemitism; joining Jewish youth groups; the German entrance in ; life Prostitutes Zdunska Wola the ghetto; escaping to the forest with her child; shelter given to her by Polish peasants; briefly joining the partisans in the forest; boarding various trains in the direction of Russia; spending time in Kiev, Ukraine; working in an army kitchen; and attempts to return to Rafalovka, Ukraine.

Anka Rochman, born in Warsaw, Poland, discusses pre-war antisemitism; getting married in ; the beginning of war in ; life in the Warsaw ghetto; food shortages in the ghetto; her husband and a friend building two attached bunkers; hiding with 21 others during round-ups; hiding with her husband, his brother and sister, and others during Prostitutes Zdunska Wola ghetto uprising; working in a battery factory in the Warsaw ghetto; a visit by Mordechai Anilevitch; the structure of bunkers and food storage in the Warsaw ghetto in January ; some leaving after the larger bunker was destroyed; using drains to obtain food from Poles; her husband negotiating with Poles who killed him; staying Prostitutes Zdunska Wola her brother-in-law and sister-in-law in the drains for Prostitutes Zdunska Wola more days; exiting to the house of a Pole who helped them; and the Polish uprising; and how she hid in the bunker for nine months and only she and her sister-in-law survived the war.

David Ruher, born on March 10,in Lublin, Poland, discusses his family life; imprisonment in Bereza-Kartuska, Poland Biaroza, Belarus and the Rawicz prison in Rawicz, Poland, for Communist activities; building of the ghetto in Lublin, Poland; finding refuge for his family in the colony of Czechowice, Poland; finding refuge on a farm in Melgiew, Poland; plans to go to Germany; being separated from his father; traveling to Lublin; contact with the underground in Lukow, Poland, in September ; witnessing the liquidation of the Jews of Lukow; returning to Lublin in ; reuniting with his brother and sister at the end of May ; and immigrating Prostitutes Zdunska Wola Palestine before Vera Tarsi, born on May 20,in Uzhgorod, Czechoslovakia Uzhhorod, Ukrainedescribes her family; moving to Prague, Czech Republic when she was one-year old; the German entrance into Czechoslovakia in and her father's attempts to obtain Hungarian passports; moving to Budapest, Hungary through Vienna, Austria in ; teaching English and French to two sisters in Budapest; obtaining fake Swiss passports; moving into a protected house on the shores of the Danube in ; the Russian army's arrival; working at the newly opened Czech embassy in Budapest; returning to Prague; marrying another survivor; and immigrating to Israel in March These additional online resources from the U.

Holocaust Memorial Museum will help you learn more about the Holocaust and research Prostitutes Zdunska Wola family history. The Holocaust Encyclopedia provides an overview of the Holocaust using text, photographs, maps, artifacts, and personal histories. Research family history relating to the Holocaust and explore the Museum's collections about individual survivors and victims of the Holocaust and Nazi persecution.

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Thank you for your understanding. Back to Results New Search. Oral history interview with Rachel Linial.

Perele and Chanale.

Interviewee Rachel Linial. Date interview: October Language Hebrew. Expand all. About This Oral History. Keywords and Subjects.

Topical Term Escapes. Forced labor.

Holocaust survivors--Israel--Interviews. Holocaust, Jewish --Personal narratives. Jewish women in the Holocaust. Jews--Poland--Zdunska Wola. Typhus fever.

Zdunska-Wola, Poland (Pages )

Women concentration camp inmates. World War, Concentration camps--Liberation. World War, Conscript Prostitutes Zdunska Wola. World War, Deportations from Poland.

World War, Medical care. Women--Personal narratives. Administrative History. Legal Status Permanent Collection. The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Archives received the tapes of the interview on December 3,as an accretion to the original collection of Israel Documentation Project interviews received by transfer in February Rights and Restrictions.

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Conditions on Access No restrictions on access. Conditions on Use No restrictions on use. Oral history interview with Rafael Abarbanel and Rachel Abarbanel Oral History Raphael Rudy Abarbanel, born indiscusses his family and his childhood in Pirot, Prostitutes Zdunska Wola moving to Belgrade, Serbia; his religious upbringing; joining the Hashomer Hatzair youth movement; his disbelief about events in Germany; the German bombings of Belgrade; being taken from his home; his work in a forced labor Prostitutes Zdunska Wola under German control and his attempts to join Communist partisans; escaping from a train in Lom, Bulgaria; joining other refugees in Sofia, Bulgaria; being caught and interned in Albania; forging documents; escaping by boat in February ; landing in a British camp for refugees in Bari, Italy; immigrating to Palestine; and settling in a kibbutz in Israel.

Oral history interview with Moshe Alpan Oral History Moshe Alpan born Moshe Elefant discusses the antisemitism in Vranov, Prostitutes Zdunska Wola before the war; joining Hashomer Hatzair; the anti-Jewish measures and violence; the Prostitutes Zdunska Wola of his community at what was happening; becoming active in the Zionist movement as a way to help; organizing the Hashomer Hatzair underground movement in Budapest, Hungary in February ; the German occupation of Budapest in March ; the Jewish resistance groups; partisan rescue missions; Prostitutes Zdunska Wola with the communist underground movement; helping Polish Jews cross into Slovakia; his emotional Prostitutes Zdunska Wola to the events; immigrating to Israel in July ; and his philosophical ideas about heroism, being a victim, and resistance.

Oral history interview with Genya Batasheva Oral History Genya Batasheva, Prostitutes Zdunska Wola in in Kiev, Ukraine, discusses her childhood; the famine in ; going to school for accounting and becoming a bookkeeper; the German occupation of Kiev, Ukraine; constructing defense positions in the suburbs of Kiev; the round ups of Jews; the massacre at Babi Yar and the murder of her family; telling guards she was Russian; getting fake identity papers; leaving for Kharkiv, Ukraine with her friend Olga Zacharovna Rozhchenko; working in Omsk, Russia for two years; hearing the news that the Soviets liberated Kiev; receiving a letter from her father and joining him in Barnaul, Russia; daily life in Barnaul; her post-war life; and her immigration to Israel due to Russian anti-Semitism.

Oral history interview with Sonia Berenshtein Oral History Sonia Berenshtein, born indiscusses her childhood in Zheludok, Poland present day Belarus ; her family; joining the underground movement in the Dzyatlava ghetto; the liquidation of the ghetto in August ; hiding in the forest with a partisan group under Hirsch Kaplinski; participating in partisan actions; a typhoid epidemic; liberation by the Soviets; immigrating to Palestine; and her life in Israel.

Oral history interview with Josef Binenshtok Prostitutes Zdunska Wola History Josef Binenshtok, born in Wadowice, Poland, describes the beginning of the war and the racial laws; building barracks in Auschwitz; traveling to the labor camp Ottmuth to build Prostitutes Zdunska Wola Berlin Moskva autobahn; arrival of other Jews from Holland, Belgium, and Greece; the shutting down of labor camps and mass extermination camps; traveling to Blechhammer and working to build gas chambers in Blechhammer; traveling by train to Gross Rosen, Buchenwald, Dora, and Sachsenhausen; liberation near Schwerin Skwierzyna, Poland ; living in a displaced persons camp near Bergen-Belsen; and immigrating to Palestine.

Oral history Prostitutes Zdunska Wola with Ben Zion Blushtein Oral History Ben Zion Blushtein, born in in Domachow, Poland, discusses his family; his experiences with anti-Semitism; the German invasion; how Jews were forced to perform labor; being forced into the ghetto; escaping Prostitutes Zdunska Wola join Jewish partisans in the woods; partisan actions against Germans; capturing a German fort; being liberated by the Soviets; living in a displaced persons camp; his family life; and immigrating to Prostitutes Zdunska Wola.

Oral history interview with Betty Cana Oral History Betty Cana, Prostitutes Zdunska Wola November 11, Prostitutes Zdunska Wola Amsterdam, the Netherlands, discusses being the youngest of five sisters; her family's orthodoxy; attending public school; antisemitic harassment; attending a Jewish school; participating in a Zionist youth group; one sister's immigration to Palestine in ; her father's death; preparing to immigrate to Palestine on a Hechalutz kibbutz in Beverwijk; German invasion; returning to Amsterdam; her marriage; operating a children's kibbutz in Elden with her husband; being arrested in Prostitutes Zdunska Wola ; being deported to Westerbork; the arrival of her mother and one sister; deportation with her mother and husband to Auschwitz Prostitutes Zdunska Wola September ; being separated from her mother; volunteering for specious medical experiments by Dr.

Oral history interview with Manoss Diamant Oral History Manoss Diamant, born in in Katowice, Poland, discusses his family and childhood; his education; being in a Zionist youth group; escaping to Warsaw, Poland in ; being forced into the Sosnowiec ghetto in ; being in a resistance group; the activities of the Judenrat who collaborated with Germans; being selected for work by the Germans; his sabotage activities; escaping from the ghetto; working in Austria under an assumed identity; being caught and sent to a camp near Vienna, Austria; passing as a doctor and working in a hospital in Graz, Austria; escaping to Hungary and joining a work group in Budapest; the Germans entering Hungary in March ; being liberated by the Soviets in January ; and his post-war feelings about perpetrators.

Oral history interview with Ya'akov Eisner Oral Prostitutes Zdunska Wola Ya'akov Eisner, born in Czestochowa, Poland, recounts attending Jewish and Polish schools; starvation during World War I; his marriage and the births of two of his children; leaving his family to work in Paris for two years during the Depression; the German invasion; ghettoization; his mother's murder by Prostitutes Zdunska Wola in ; burying her; his deportation with his wife and children to Treblinka; his selection as a carpenter his family was killed ; sadistic public executions; escaping; assistance from a local non-Jews who brought him to Jewish partisans; fleeing when other non-Jews approached; returning to the Czestochowa ghetto via Warsaw with assistance from non-Jews; his marriage to a cousin; slave labor; being deported; escaping from the train; returning to Czestochowa now a camp ; liberation with his wife by Soviet troops; his immigration to Israel; and being a witness at a war criminal trial of S.

Oral history interview with Rudi Fruchter Prostitutes Zdunska Wola History Rudi Fruchter, born March in Budapest, Hungary, describes antisemitism in Hungary and Romania; being recruited into the Jewish unit of the Hungarian Army; going to the Carpathian mountains as a forced labor group; being deported to Auschwitz to cut hair and translate; singing for the Kapos; moving to a French labor camp near Strassburg and the Maginot Line; returning to the Kochendort German camp October ; building camps for Russian POWs; moving by train to Dachau; liberation; looking for friends and family after the war; participating in Yiddish theater; Prostitutes Zdunska Wola to Israel; and adjusting to Israeli life.

Oral history interview with Kariel Gardosh Oral History Kariel Gardosh, born indiscusses his childhood in Budapest, Hungary; pre-war antisemitism; outbreak of war in ; being conscripted for forced labor in the army; working in central Hungary and then Bor, Yugoslavia Serbia ; building train tracks; being marched back towards Hungary; witnessing exterminations in Zamun, Serbia; being taken to a brick factory; witnessing exterminations in Hungary; escaping in October ; being hidden by Hungarian train workers; being liberated by Tito partisans in Serbia; joining their fight; obtaining Russian papers; returning to Budapest; joining the Russian army and entering Budapest; learning the fate of his family; and going to Yugoslavia.

Oral history interview with Prostitutes Zdunska Wola Glazer Oral History Alvin Glazer, born in in Kromeriz, Czechoslovakia, discusses Prostitutes Zdunska Wola studies; having to quit school in due to the German occupation of Prague; changes in everyday life under the Germans; playing a role in Youth Aliyah; the leadership of the Jewish community, including Prostitutes Zdunska Wola Zucker, Jakob Edelstein, and Yanovitch; being sent to the Theresienstadt Terezin ghetto; helping to prepare the ghetto in November ; relocating to the Magdeburg Barracks; and living conditions in the camp.

Oral history interview with Menachem Granek Oral History Menachem Granek, born indiscusses his childhood in Prostitutes Zdunska Wola, Poland; organizing a Betar youth movement in ; his schooling; pre-war antisemitism; joining the Polish Army for two years; being taken as a prisoner of war by Germany; being sent to Lipowa camp in Lublin, Poland in July ; escaping the camp and returning home; organizing a resistance group; the head of the Judenrat; being conscripted for forced labor for eight months in and working on the Autostrada with Russian POWs; being injured and going to a hospital in Sosnowiec, Poland; returning home; going to Sosnowiec; helping with the underground movement; escaping deportation; living under an assumed identity in a Mercedes-Benz work camp in Oppeln, Germany; liberation by the Soviets; and illegally immigrating to Israel via France in Oral history interview with Hanna Greishitzki Oral History Hanna Greishitzki, born in in Cluj, Romania, discusses German forces arriving in Cluj in March ; the swift implementation of anti-Jewish measures; being forced into the ghetto May 3, ; being deported to Auschwitz; conditions on the train; arriving in Auschwitz; being taken to the labor camp Hainichen; working conditions in the factory; atrocities in the camp; marching to trains to take them to Theresidenstadt Terezin in April ; being very ill; being liberated by Soviets; her life after the war; and dealing with the emotional effects of Prostitutes Zdunska Wola war and Auschwitz.

Oral history interview with Pnina Grinshpan Oral History Pnina Papler Grinshpan, born in Nowy Dwor near Warsaw, Poland, describes the creation of the Warsaw ghetto and conditions inside Prostitutes Zdunska Wola ghetto; managing to get a job working in the Landau furniture factory; how on April 19,Germans entered the ghetto and prepared to liquidate it entirely; escaping with several fighters through Prostitutes Zdunska Wola sewers to join Antek Zuckerman, who was fighting outside the ghetto walls; joining the Prostitutes Zdunska Wola in the forest and subsequently joining the Polish resistance in the forests; encounters with Soviet soldiers, escaped war prisoners, and local farmers; how her jobs in the forest consisted mainly of sabotage; her husband, Chaim Grinshpan, Prostitutes Zdunska Wola was Prostitutes Zdunska Wola a ghetto fighter, and their immigration to Palestine via Bucharest, Romania; and her children and grandchildren.

Oral history interview with Willi Groag Oral History Willi Groag, born on August 7,in Olmvetz, Prostitutes Zdunska Wola, describes Prostitutes Zdunska Wola after Germany invaded Czechoslovakia he tried to leave but was unable to do so; teaching school from to ; going to Hachshara for agricultural training; leaving the farm in January and anticipating the transport of all Jews from Olmvetz; Willi describes his transport to Terezin, life in the ghetto, his work in the children's house, and transports from Terezin; art in the ghetto and the artists Karl Fleischmann, Peter Kien, Leo Haas, and Ferdinand Bloch; and the Red Cross visits and beautification of the ghetto for those visits.

Oral history interview with Chaim Gurewitz Oral History Chaim Gurewitz, born in Lithuania, describes his family and growing up in Panevezys, Lithuania; the growing antisemitism in the late s; Jewish life in Kaunas in the s; his life in the Kaunas ghetto, how they lived, what they ate, and the tasks they were assigned; executions in the ghetto, including the Ninth Fort massacre on October 29, ; the escape of prisoners of war and Jews from the Ninth Fort; being taken to the Landsberg concentration camp; life in the camp; being beaten for stealing potatoes; being moved from Landsberg to Prostitutes Zdunska Wola in April ; trying to return home after liberation and interrogations by Soviets; going to Munich, Germany and being taken care of by Americans; his attempts to memorialize Prostitutes Zdunska Wola and the need to educate youth about the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with Israel Gutmann Oral History Israel Gutman, born in Warsaw, Poland, inProstitutes Zdunska Wola joining the Hashomer Hatzair youth movement; life in the ghetto, Prostitutes Zdunska Wola activities, and Prostitutes Zdunska Wola Warsaw Ghetto uprising; his transport to Majdanek and subsequent transport to Auschwitz I; the underground activities in Auschwitz; being evacuated in January from Auschwitz and his arrival in Mauthausen; being in quarantine; daily life in the camp; being liberated on May 5,and hospitalized in Linz, Austria; going to Italy with the Jewish Prostitutes Zdunska Wola to help out those wanting to immigrate to Palestine; his immigration to Palestine and joining a kibbutz; his thoughts on what it means to be Jewish; and the meaning of heroism during the Holocaust.

One of the reasons why the acclaim for the Dubai prostitute industry is because it doesn't make any distinction Zduńska Wola, Krobanów 35B. Rachel Linial, born in December in Zdunska Wola, Poland, near Łódź, Poland, discusses her early family life; attending public school; cordial relations.

Oral history interview with Shmuel Hacohen Oral History Shmuel Hacohen, born in Amsterdam, Netherlands on July 7,discusses his extended family, most of whom were murdered; the food restrictions at the beginning of the war, National Socialism in Holland, and Prostitutes Zdunska Wola of the Dutch army; life in Amsterdam after the German invasion, including activities of the Judenrat; how in January Prostitutes Zdunska Wola registration of Jews was organized by the Dutch Interior Ministry; being transported to Westerbork in April ; life in the camp, Prostitutes Zdunska Wola hierarchy, hospital, concerts, and opera; his transport to Bergen Belsen; the changing conditions of the camp during his time there; the liberation of the camp; being taken to Risa, north of Leipzig, Prostitutes Zdunska Wola a Polish POW camp where he contracted typhoid fever; his return to Holland and the post-war antisemitism; and his immigration to Israel and his long period of adjustment to life in Israel.

Oral history interview with Chaim Hamer Oral History Chaim Hamer, born inin Dorna, South Bukovina, Prostitutes Zdunska Wola Jewish life in Dorna, including speaking Hebrew and being in youth movements; attending school and synagogues; antisemitism when Bukovina was taken by the Russians and retaken by the Romanians; his deportation to Mogilev Mahiliou, Belarus in ; joining a group of young Zionists in ; being ordered to go to Torchin to work in a coal mine; his return to Mogilev and his unsuccessful attempt to lead a group of orphans across the Dniester River; functions of the Judenrat in Mogilev and the Pechora camp; his enlistment with the Soviet Army, reaching Riga, Latvia and Smolensk, Russia; returning to Bucharest, Romania and working with youth groups assisting Jewish immigration to Palestine; and his immigration to Israel, meeting his wife, and life in the Prostitutes Zdunska Wola stages of the State of Israel.

Oral history interview with Avraham Hass Oral History Avraham Hass, born in in Bukovina, Romania, describes his family of Hassidic farmers near the Polish border; life and survival in Ukrainian ghettos; the Judenrat and its uneven treatment of ghetto residents and its collaboration with authorities; his family's expulsion across the Dniester River to Mogilev-Podolskiy, Ukraine; returning home to Soziawa, Romania after liberation and subsequently going to Bucharest, Romania, where he made contact with Hashomer Hatzair, which organized his illegal immigration to Palestine; his detention in a camp in Famagusta, Cyprus; and joining the Haganah and smuggling inmates out of the camp.

Oral history interview with Shalom Hertzberg Oral History Shalom Hertzberg, born in Bedzin, Poland, discusses his prosperous Zionist family; his daily Talmud studies; being an Prostitutes Zdunska Wola member of the Zionist youth movement, Noar Zioni; being recruited to the Polish Army in ; being imprisoned by Germans in Krakow, Poland; being helped by non-Jews to get a German identity and to escape; the first Aktion on August 12, ; being sent to the Blechhammer camp; the death march of January ; liberation April 27, ; aiding American Prostitutes Zdunska Wola to get information Prostitutes Zdunska Wola SS prisoners; returning to a normal life; establishing a Massuah in Israel; and early attitudes about the Holocaust in Israel.

Oral history interview with Nechama Hochbaum Oral History Nechama Hochbaum, born in Stottz, Poland, discusses moving to Lachowicze, Poland Liakhavichy, Belarus in Prostitutes Zdunska Wola attending a Jewish high school in Baranovic until ; life under the Russian regime; the Germans entering the town at the start of the war and the positive reaction from Poles; working under the S.

Oral history interview with Yehoyakim Kochavi Oral History Yehoyakim Kochavi, born in, in Berlin, Germany, describes growing up in a non-traditional Jewish family, attending Jewish schools, and encountering antisemitism; being involved in Zionist activities as a young person; leaving for Palestine in to escape the Nazis; returning to Germany in ; learning that his mother had committed suicide and his father had died during the war; living in Israel and not bringing up the past with his children.

Oral history interview with Yehuda Arie Leo Koretz Oral History Yehuda Arie Prostitutes Zdunska Wola Koretz, born in Hamburg, Germany in Julydescribes his parents; the fates of family members; how in his father was appointed chief rabbi in Salonika ThessalonikeGreece; the implementation of the Nuremberg laws in Salonika in early ; the natural ghetto in Salonika; his family being taken to Baron de Hirsch camp, where they stayed until August 2, ; being deported to Bergen-Belsen; camp life of Belsen; life in the camp including his jobs, medical care, and the conditions; being evacuated towards the end of the war and his liberation by Soviet soldiers; returning to Prostitutes Zdunska Wola and immigration to Palestine; his post-war profession and family; and the rehabilitation of his father's reputation.

Oral history interview with Edit Dita Kraus Oral History Edit Dita Kraus, born in Prague, Czechoslovakia Czech Republic on July 12,describes her assimilated Jewish family; going into the Terezin Theresienstadt ghetto in ; participating in cultural activities in the ghetto, including operas, drawing and painting, and taking art lessons from Friedl Brandeis; the death of many of her older relatives in the ghetto; being sent to Auschwitz in Decemberwhere she thought about committing suicide; being moved to a work camp in Hamburg, Germany, where she removed debris of collapsed buildings and worked in distilleries along the Elba River; being sent to another forced labor camp, Neugraben, then camp Tiefstock, and then to Bergen Belsen; her return to Prague; and her immigration to Israel.

Oral history interview with Abraham Larva Oral History Abraham Larva, born Prostitutes Zdunska Wolain Siauliai, Lithuania, describes his pre-war life, including joining Prostitutes Zdunska Wola Maccabi youth group and attempting to immigrate to Israel; the German entry into Siauliai; being taken to Prostitutes Zdunska Wola at a mass burial of Soviet POWs; escaping and working for a peasant, Prostitutes Zdunska Wola ditches at an airport and working in a leather factory until ; being sent to work at a camp outside of the ghetto; Prostitutes Zdunska Wola to the ghetto, where he worked in a tannery; life in the ghetto, including schools, songs, weddings, court, hospital, births, and abortions; escaping from the ghetto to the forest with a group of six; life in the forest and meeting with Lithuanian communists who gave them food and weapons; being liberated and joining the Russian Army; returning to a burned-out Siauliai; going to the Landsberg displaced persons camp; receiving a visa from his aunt to go Prostitutes Zdunska Wola the United States; and his family and life in Israel.

Oral history interview with Juergen Levenstein Oral History Juergen Levenstein, born in Berlin, Germanydescribes joining a Hachshara Zionist group to prepare to immigrate to Israel; antisemitism in Berlin after ; the closing of the Hachsara group; working in a farm work group in Schnibichen then Grutens; his deportation to Birkeanu; going to Buna to work in the rubber factory; going to Zgoda to work in the cannon factory; being ill in Auschwitz; transferring to Monowitz to work in a factory; being transported to Prostitutes Zdunska Wola to avoid the oncoming Soviet forces; the liberation by the United States Prostitutes Zdunska Wola walking to Linz, Austria; being hospitalized for a year with tuberculosis; immigrating to Israel; feelings about post-war Germany; and reflections on what occurred.

Oral history interview with Chaim Levkowitz Oral History Chaim Levkowitz, born April 23, in Vlonia, Poland, describes the bombing of the town September 1, Prostitutes Zdunska Wola the creation of Prostitutes Zdunska Wola ghetto; racial laws; the Judenrat; the Jewish police; moving to twelve camps; working in an ammunition factory; working on the Autostrada roadways; marching out of Langenscheid as American forces approached; liberation by the Americans; and the effects and lessons of the Holocaust.

Oral history interview with Azriel Levy Oral History Azriel Levy, born Junedescribes his life and schooling in Kovno, Poland Prostitutes Zdunska Wola, Lithuania ; the Soviet occupation; German occupation in June ; the creation of the ghetto; ghetto institutions and living; joining the partisan movement; getting caught and deported to Prostitutes Zdunska Wola concentration camp in July ; escaping from a train to Dachau in April ; liberation by the Allies; immigrating to Palestine Israel ; and not discussing the Holocaust until the early s.

Oral history interview with Eliezer Lidovski Oral History Eliezer Lidovski, born October 18, in Zhetel, Poland now Dziatlava, Belarusdiscusses the arrival of the Soviet troops; being identified as a leader of the Zionist movement; accusations and questioning by the NKVD People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs of the Soviet Union; being spared exile to Siberia; being cleared of all charges and his passport was returned; being caught by Germans in Minsk, Belarus; being sent to a military camp outside of Minsk; fleeing the camp; living in the Baranowice ghetto; living with partisans in Rovno, Poland Ukraine ; participating in the NAKAM the Jewish Avengers ; living in Italy with the Jewish Brigade; being caught by the British; internment in Cyprus; immigration to Israel; and adjustment to a new life.

Oral history interview with Yehoshua Lior Oral History Yehoshua Lior, born in in Lachva LakhvaBelarus, describes Lachva and the Jewish community there; life under Soviet rule from to ; the Wehrmacht entering the city Prostitutes Zdunska Wola June 8, and how they took all men fourteen years and older to work; the creation of Prostitutes Zdunska Wola ghetto on Passover eve in ; his current mission to publicize the Lachva ghetto so Prostitutes Zdunska Wola others will know about it; the resistance movement in the ghetto and its young leader, Yitzhak Rochzyn; the revolt during the night of September; his escape and encounters with partisans who were not willing to accept him and shot some escapees; the death Prostitutes Zdunska Wola his Prostitutes Zdunska Wola in the ghetto; joining the Red Army and Prostitutes Zdunska Wola through several countries after the war, including Cyprus; testifying at war crime trials; and immigrating to Palestine in Oral history interview with Menashe Lorenzy Oral History Menashe Lorenzy, born inin Kluzh, Hungary Cluj-Napoca, Romaniadescribes his family and his twin sister, Lea; the persecution of Prostitutes Zdunska Wola by Hungarians and Romanians; the large Jewish community in Kluzh; his father being sent to do forced labor; the Kastner family and the later Kastner trial; being ordered to go to the ghetto in Czilastnocho; the liquidation of the ghetto after two months and being sent with the other inmates to Auschwitz; being marched out of Birkenau to the forest where they were liberated by the Russian Prostitutes Zdunska Wola going to Katowice, Poland, and was taken with Italian prisoners of war to Belarus to the Slutsk prison camp; his post-war life and family; and how his Holocaust experiences influenced his thinking about the wars in Israel.

Oral history interview with Benjamin Maierchik Oral History Benjamin Maierchik, born Prostitutes Zdunska Wola in Wloclawek, Poland, describes his pre-war family life and the Jewish community of Wloclawek; studying engineering to prepare for immigration to Israel and attending school in Warsaw; joining a Polish artillery unit; escaping and going to Mezerich; going to Prostitutes Zdunska Wola, Belarus and his work there; moving to L'viv, Ukraine in Spring ; being arrested by the Soviets and sent to Rybinsk, where he Prostitutes Zdunska Wola part of the project to build the port; Turgenievo camp; the conditions in Turgenievo; joining the Red Army in September and being sent to the Caucasus and Uzbekistan; joining the Free Polish Army; participating in actions in Smolensk, Russia, in the liberation of Warsaw and Poznan, and in a victory parade in Prague; Polish antisemitism; his journey to Palestine in ; and fighting in the Israeli War of Independence.

Oral history interview with Yehuda Marshand Oral History Yehuda Marshand, born in Amsterdam, Netherlands on September 27,describes his family; his childhood; working for a firm that imported metals; meeting his wife, Hetti, in ; the arrival of Jewish refugees from Germany in ; joining the Dutch Army and becoming an officer; how after the Germans occupied Holland, he met a woman in Amersfoort who was active in the underground and a nobleman who agreed to give him his name so he would have a new identity; living in hiding with a Christian family; Prostitutes Zdunska Wola in to Groningen, where he had to give his documents to the manager of the hotel who had to give them to a German policeman; being captured and sent to 's-Hertogenbosch camp, where Yehuda worked for the Philips factory; being sent to Westerbork, and then Birkenau, Monowitz, Gleiwitz, Dora, and Nordhausen; his post-war life; and immigration to Israel.

Oral history interview with Yosef Morgenshtern Oral History Yosef Morgenshtern, born on July 8, in Subotica, Serbia, describes his family and living in Sremska Mitrovica; the German arrival on April Prostitutes Zdunska Wola,prior to which his father was Prostitutes Zdunska Wola arrested and taken to a camp near Osijek; being arrested with his brother by the Ustashi; the family being taken to Zagreb, Croatia and put into prison; how his family had provided housing to two Jews who fled Germany in the s; being transferred to Gospic; being transported after 20 days to Jasenovac II and his work there; the atrocities at Jasenovac, where he was held for about two months; being sent to Stara Gradiska, where he and his brother were assigned to work at the 'economy,' farm work; witnessing Prostitutes Zdunska Wola murder of his brother; his life after liberation, including spending three years with the partisans and having various jobs; and going to Israel in Oral history interview with Shoshana Naor Oral History Shoshana Naor, born in Berlin, Germany indescribes her family; experiencing antisemitism; Kristallnacht; being sent by her family to Denmark where she stayed with a few different families in Copenhagen and in the countryside; her correspondence with her parents and sister; the Danish underground Prostitutes Zdunska Wola her to Sweden where she decided to study to become a nurse; specializing in midwifery; learning the fate of her mother from the Red Cross and trying to immigrate to Israel through Belgium and France; arriving in Haifa after an arduous journey, but not being allowed to disembark; being sent to Cyprus; eventually going to Palestine; and why she felt she survived.

Oral history interview with Artur Posnanski Oral History Artur Posnanski, born Prostitutes Zdunska Wola July 30,in Berlin, Germany, describes his family; being part of a Jewish organization ILI ; working for a Jewish social agency and taking children to Denmark in ; bringing 30 children to Sweden in ; saving his parents eight times from transports; going to Hafilberg in the province of Brandenburg in ; going back to Berlin, where he was conscripted into Prostitutes Zdunska Wola labor; his brother going to Palestine illegally; being transported to Prostitutes Zdunska Wola Monowitz a sub-camp of Auschwitz ; the bombing of his barracks by the English; Prostitutes Zdunska Wola fever in the camp; selections in the camps; being moved to Buchenwald; being liberated and the condition of camp at the time of liberation; his Prostitutes Zdunska Wola family life and immigration to Israel; and his views on post-war Germany.

Oral history interview with Simon Tov Razon Oral History Simon-Tov Razon, born in Salonika ThessalonikeGreece indescribes attending Jewish school; his neighborhood number ; being recruited into the Greek Army in ; being near the border of Bulgaria and in the mountains for 7 to 8 months in ; joining the partisans in ; obtaining a false identification card as a Christian with the name Simon Prostitutes Zdunska Wola how their partisan base was in the caves in the mountains and there were women among their group; sabotaging the railroad stations; receiving orders to go to Prostitutes Zdunska Wola villages and shoot so as to make it seem like they had large forces and thus encourage the farmers to join them; how his partisan division consisted of people, among them 10 to 15 Jews who got weapons and food from farmers; how after seven Prostitutes Zdunska Wola after liberation he met friends from the Jewish Agency; his immigration to Israel; and his Prostitutes Zdunska Wola to that society.

Oral Prostitutes Zdunska Wola interview with Peretz Revess Oral History Peretz Revess, born in in Horitz HoriceAustro-Hungary now Czech Republicdescribes his family, education, and encounters with antisemitism; becoming a leader of the Maccabi movement in Bratislava, Czechoslovakia Slovakia ; how when the Nazis came to power, Peretz's family arranged to escape to Budapest, Hungary; hiding in various locations in Hungary and assisting Joel Brandt in saving others; being liberated and assisting in bringing food to children's homes in Budapest; running the office responsible for children's homes and being responsible for over children; how most of the budget came from the American Prostitutes Zdunska Wola Joint Distribution Committee; immigrating to Israel and settling in a kibbutz; and the trial of Rudolf Kastner.

Oral history interview with Simcha Rotem Oral History Simcha Rotem, born in in Warsaw, Poland, describes his family and early life; experiencing antisemitism in school; joining the Akiva Zionist youth movement; the first German decrees against Jews; being transferred to the Warsaw ghetto and living conditions inside the ghetto; life in the ghetto, including contact with friends, slave labor, Prostitutes Zdunska Wola opportunities to trade for food with gentiles, the Judenrat, and on the black market; being involved in meetings of the resistance movement; going Prostitutes Zdunska Wola Czerniakow; not being active in the first uprising; resistance activities and various hiding places; going to Krakow to contact partisan leader Michel Borwicz; the difficult conditions in Krakow prior to capture by the Red Army; Prostitutes Zdunska Wola his illegal immigration to Palestine.

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Juergen Levenstein, born in Berlin, Germany , describes joining a Hachshara Zionist group to prepare to immigrate to Israel; antisemitism in Berlin after ; the closing of the Hachsara group; working in a farm work group in Schnibichen then Grutens; his deportation to Birkeanu; going to Buna to work in the rubber factory; going to Zgoda to work in the cannon factory; being ill in Auschwitz; transferring to Monowitz to work in a factory; being transported to Mauthausen to avoid the oncoming Soviet forces; the liberation by the United States Army; walking to Linz, Austria; being hospitalized for a year with tuberculosis; immigrating to Israel; feelings about post-war Germany; and reflections on what occurred. To intensify this chaos and tragedy the German fliers shoot at the escaping crowds with machine guns.

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